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目的了解事业单位员工生存质量现状,探讨健康相关行为对事业单位员工生存质量的影响,为进行行为干预和健康教育提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法对在广东省东莞市5家事业单位355名员工进行问卷调查,构建健康相关行为与生存质量之间的结构方程模型,并对模型进行拟合、修正和评价。结果事业单位员工生存质量总体健康(GH)、生理机能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、情感职能(RE)、社会功能(SF)、活力(VT)、精神健康(MH)8个维度和生理健康(PCS)、心理健康(MCS)2个方面的得分分别为(60.8±15.8)、(88.8±13.8)、(84.6±27.6)、(70.3±13.2)、(72.6±38.6)、(92.0±20.5)、(67.4±15.7)、(66.7±16.1)分和(75.9±12.5)、(74.4±17.1)分;构建的模型较好地拟合数据,拟合指数,RMSEA为0.073,NNFI为0.91,CFI和IFI均为0.93;健康行为和健康管理对生理健康和心理健康的结构系数分别为1.02、0.93和0.28、0.22,健康行为和健康管理对生理健康的影响均大于对心理健康的影响,健康行为对生存质量的影响更大。结论健康行为和健康管理对事业单位员工的生存质量具有正向作用,可以通过行为干预、增强健康管理的意识改善其生存质量,提高其健康水平。
Objective To understand the current situation of employees’ quality of life in public institutions and to explore the impact of health-related behaviors on the quality of life of employees in public institutions, so as to provide the basis for behavioral intervention and health education. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to survey 355 employees in 5 institutions in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. The structural equation model between health-related behaviors and quality of life was constructed. The model was fitted, revised and evaluated. Results The quality of life of the staff in the institutions was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05) (60.8 ± 15.8), (88.8 ± 13.8), (84.6 ± 27.6), (70.3 ± 13.2) and (72.6) respectively in 8 dimensions and physical health (PCS) and mental health (MCS) ± 38.6), (92.0 ± 20.5), (67.4 ± 15.7), (66.7 ± 16.1) points and (75.9 ± 12.5), (74.4 ± 17.1) points respectively. The constructed model fitted well the data, RMSEA was 0.073, NNFI was 0.91 and both CFI and IFI were 0.93. The structural coefficients of health behaviors and health management on physical health and mental health were 1.02, 0.93 and 0.28, 0.22, respectively. The influence of health behavior and health management on physiological health Greater than the impact on mental health, health behavior has a greater impact on the quality of life. Conclusions Health behavior and health management have a positive effect on the quality of life of employees in institutions, which can improve their quality of life and enhance their health through behavior intervention and awareness of health management.