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河流生态水文特征是河流生态水文响应机制的外在表现,分析河流生态水文特征变化是建立河流生态水文指标体系的基础。文中应用Mann-Kendall等方法对黄河上游唐乃亥、兰州断面主要的生态水文特征进行系统分析。黄河上游生态水文系统中改变强烈的生态水文要素主要分布在径流要素的年际和年内变化、最大最小极值的大小及出现时间、大小洪水和变化率等方面。唐乃亥断面与兰州断面发生改变的生态水文特征有所不同,兰州断面径流受人类活动干扰明显。
The ecological and hydrological characteristics of rivers are the external manifestation of the mechanism of ecological and hydrological response in rivers. Analyzing the changes of ecological and hydrological characteristics of rivers is the basis for establishing the index system of ecological and hydrological rivers. Mann-Kendall and other methods were used to systematically analyze the main eco-hydrological characteristics of Tangnaihai and Lanzhou sections in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. In the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the ecologically and hydrological elements that are strongly changed are mainly distributed in the interannual and annual variation of runoff elements, the size and occurrence time of maximum and minimum extremum, the floods of large and small, and the rate of change. Tangnaihai section and Lanzhou section changed the ecological and hydrological characteristics are different, Lanzhou section runoff by human activity interference significantly.