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目的对2014—2015年云南省大理州送检的手足口病标本进行病原学核酸检测,了解手足口病的病原学特征,为该病预防提供科学依据。方法按照送检标本类型、送检年度、性别和年龄分组,采用实时荧光PCR法对大理州送检的991份样本进行肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(Cox A16)和其他肠道病毒(EV)进行核酸检测。结果标本类型(χ~2=143.11)、送检年度(χ~2=226.81)、年龄(χ~2=15.05)、地区(χ~2=279.04)和月(Fisher确切概率法)的EV71、Cox A16和其他EV检出率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),不同性别其他EV、EV71和Cox A16检出率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.37,P>0.05),0~3岁为手足口病的高发年龄组。结论大理州手足口病病原体主要是EV71和Cox A16,5—6月是手足口病的高发季节,应加强个人卫生和对外环境消毒。
Objective To detect the etiological nucleic acid of hand, foot and mouth disease specimens from 2014 to 2015 in Dali Prefecture of Yunnan Province to understand the etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of this disease. Methods 991 samples were tested for the presence of enterovirus 71 (EV71), Cox A16 (Cox A16) And other enteroviruses (EVs) for nucleic acid testing. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 143.11), EV71 (χ ~ 2 = 226.81), age (χ ~ 2 = 15.05) There were significant differences in the detection rates of Cox A16 and other EV (all P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in the detection rates of other EVs, EV71 and Cox A16 in different sex (χ ~ 2 = 0.37, P> 0.05) 0 to 3 years old HFMD age group. Conclusion The pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease in Dali Prefecture are mainly EV71 and Cox A16, and the most frequent occurrence of ARD is in June and June of 2006. Personal hygiene and external environment disinfection should be strengthened.