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目的 探析研究疾控中心微生物实验室质量控制的影响因素及策略。方法 本研究开展时间段为2019年1月至2020年12月，试验对象为疾病中心微生物实验室，2019年1~12月实施常规管理模式，选取200份微生物作为本研究对照组；2020年1~12月实施全面质量控制管理模式，选取200份微生物作为本研究观察组。对比两组样本质量问题发生率（样本混淆、样本收集量不足以支撑检验、样本意外流失、样本损坏、样本变质、样本保存不当、样本报告笼统、样本有关信息不健全、样本运送等不合理、样本检验时间过长），并分析影响微生物检验“,”Objective To explore the influencing factors and Strategies of quality control in Microbiology Laboratory of CDC. Methods The period of this study was from January 2019 to December 2020. The subjects were the microbiology laboratory of the disease center. The routine management mode was implemented from January 2019 to December 2020， 200 microorganisms were selected as the control group; From January to December in 2020， the total quality control management mode was implemented， and 200 microorganisms were selected as the observation group. The incidence of sample quality problems in the two groups was compared (Sample confusion， insufficient sample collection， accidental sample loss， sample damage， sample deterioration， improper sample preservation， general sample report， imperfect sample related information， unreasonable sample transportation， and too long sample inspection time)， and the factors influencing the quality control of microbiological test were analyzed. Results The incidence of sample quality problems in the observation group was 5.50%， which was significantly lower than 11.50% in the control group (P＜0.05). The main factors affecting the quality control of microbiological examination are: sample， operator， instrument， operation and environment， while the factors influencing the quality control of microbiological examination are obviously controlled after the implementation of targeted countermeasures in the observation group. Conclusion There are many factors affecting the quality control of the microbiology laboratory of CDC， so it is of great significance to strengthen the staff\'s cognition of the causes of the influencing factors， and implement targeted intervention to control， so as to reduce the incidence of quality problems and improve the accuracy of microbiological test results.Six management measures including sample quality control management， staff management， optimization of working environment， instrument management， drug management and quality control assessment should be carried out at the same time to specifically improve the quality control effect of Microbial Laboratory.