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[目的]为有效防治黄瓜枯萎病,进行了菌种鉴定及其抗菌物质性质的试验。[方法]通过形态特征、生理生化特性以及16S rDNA序列的进化树分析,对拮抗内生细菌BPT-18进行鉴定;采用平板对峙法测定抑菌谱;采用平板扩散法测定经60%硫酸铵沉淀所得粗提液的性质。[结果]鉴定菌株BPT-18为短小芽孢杆菌,该菌对多种植物病原真菌均有拮抗作用。其抗菌物质粗提液耐高温,对酸碱稳定,对胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶和蛋白酶K均不敏感,对氯仿敏感,并能有效抑制枯萎病菌孢子萌发。[结论]该抗菌物质可能是一种抗菌多肽,为黄瓜枯萎病的防治提供新的生防资源。
[Objective] In order to effectively prevent and cure Cucumber Fusarium wilt, the strain identification and its antimicrobial substance properties were tested. [Method] The antagonistic endophytic bacterium BPT-18 was identified by morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and phylogenetic tree analysis of 16S rDNA sequence. The antibacterial spectrum was determined by plate confrontation method. The plate diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of BPT- The nature of the resulting crude extract. [Result] The identified strain BPT-18 was Bacillus pumilus, which antagonized many plant pathogenic fungi. The crude antibacterial crude extract is resistant to high temperature, stable to acid and alkali, insensitive to trypsin, pepsin and proteinase K, is sensitive to chloroform and can effectively inhibit spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum. [Conclusion] The antibacterial substance may be an antimicrobial polypeptide, which could provide new biocontrol resources for the prevention and treatment of cucumber wilt disease.