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以约翰·罗尔斯为代表的当代平等理论的一个重要缺陷在于平等与责任的背离,即消解了个人责任。罗纳德·德沃金通过批判福利平等和罗尔斯的平等观,建构了一种名为“资源平等”的分配正义理论,试图将责任纳入平等之中以弥补这种缺陷。调和平等与责任是德沃金的资源平等的核心内容之一,将责任纳入平等之中主要体现在资源平等的伦理基础和理论目标上。德沃金调和平等和责任的这一努力对当代平等理论有重要意义,既可以部分回应保守主义对当代平等理论的诘难,又促进了运气均等主义理论的兴起。
An important defect of contemporary theory of equality represented by John Rawls lies in the deviation of equality and responsibility, that is, the solution of individual responsibility. Ronald Dworkin constructs a theory of distributive justice called equality of resources by criticizing the equality of welfare and Rawls’s concept of equality in an attempt to make the responsibility equal to make up for such defects. To reconcile equality and responsibility is one of the core contents of Dworkin’s equality of resources. Integrating responsibility into equality is mainly reflected in the ethical foundation and theoretical goal of equality of resources. Dworkin’s efforts to reconcile equality and responsibility are of great significance to the contemporary theory of equality, which can both partially respond to the confrontation between conservatives and contemporary theories of equality and promote the rise of the theory of egalitarianism.