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文本基于DEA方向性距离函数测算2001-2012年环境约束下的中国省级全要素能源效率,并重点探讨了所有制结构对其的影响。研究发现:中国整体能源效率呈下降趋势,区域能源效率东中西依次递减,且地区间差距逐步扩大。所有制结构对地区能源效率影响存在差异:一是在全国范围内,国有企业比重变化与整体全要素能源效率之间呈现负相关,外资企业与民营企业比重对全国能源效率的影响显著为正;二是在东部地区,外资企业是影响能源效率的主要因素;三是在中部地区,国有企业对能源效率的影响显著为正,民营企业与外资企业比重对能源效率的影响不显著;四是在西部地区,所有制结构与能源效率的关系与全国整体的情况基本相同。
Based on the DEA directional distance function, this paper estimates China’s provincial total factor energy efficiency under environmental constraints from 2001 to 2012 and focuses on the impact of ownership structure on it. The study found that: overall energy efficiency in China is on a downward trend, and regional energy efficiency is decreasing in the order of east, west, and east, and the gap between regions gradually widens. There are differences in the impact of ownership structure on regional energy efficiency: First, there is a negative correlation between changes in the proportion of state-owned enterprises and overall total factor energy efficiency in the country. The impact of the ratio of foreign-funded enterprises to private-owned enterprises on energy efficiency in the country is significantly positive. In the eastern region, foreign-funded enterprises are the main factors that affect energy efficiency. Third, in the central region, the impact of state-owned enterprises on energy efficiency is significantly positive. The impact of the share of private-owned enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises on energy efficiency is insignificant. Fourth, The relationship between ownership structure and energy efficiency in the region is basically the same as that of the whole country.