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目的了解沈阳地区中华按蚊对DDT、溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、残杀威的抗药性,为合理使用有效的杀虫剂控制中华按蚊提供科学依据,减少疟疾在沈阳地区的暴发流行。方法采用WHO成蚊滤纸接触法,以WHO区分剂量进行测定,通过抗性级别、开始击倒时间、不同时间的击倒率评价按蚊对杀虫剂的抗药性。结果中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、残杀威、DDT 24 h的死亡率分别为87%、79%、100%、100%和100%。中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯为初步抗性群体(M),对高效氯氰菊酯为抗性群体(R),对氯菊酯、残杀威、DDT为敏感群体(S)。半数击倒时间(KT50)及其95%置信区间分别为24.4025(27.2605~21.8442)、27.4794(32.2923~23.3838)、19.6297(22.0655~17.4628)、9.0588(9.5893~8.5578)和23.8534(26.1363~21.7699)min。其中残杀威的KT50值最小,为9.0588 min,高效氯氰菊酯的KT50值最大,为27.4794 min。结论在沈阳地区中华按蚊对高效氯氰菊酯产生了一定抗药性。因此,应合理使用杀虫剂,以延缓抗药性的发展;中华按蚊对残杀威相对较敏感,可作为现阶段主要的杀虫剂使用。
Objective To understand the resistance of Anopheles sinensis to DDT, deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, permethrin and propoxur in Shenyang, to provide a scientific basis for rational use of effective insecticides to control Anopheles sinensis and to reduce malaria in Shenyang Outbreak epidemic. Methods The WHO adult mosquitoes filter paper contact method was used to determine the dose of WHO. Antimicrobial resistance of Anopheles mosquitoes to insecticides was evaluated by the level of resistance, the time of starting to be knocked down and the rate of knockdown at different times. Results The death rates of Anopheles sinensis to deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, permethrin, propoxur and DDT were 87%, 79%, 100%, 100% and 100% respectively. Anopheles sinensis was first resistant to deltamethrin (M), resistant to beta-cypermethrin (R), to permethrin, propoxur and DDT were sensitive populations (S). The KT50 and 95% confidence intervals were 24.4025 (27.2605 ~ 21.8442), 27.4794 (32.2923 ~ 23.3838), 19.6297 (22.0655 ~ 17.4628), 9.0588 (9.5893 ~ 8.5578) and 23.8534 (26.1363 ~ 21.7699) min respectively . Among them, the KT50 value of propoxur was the smallest at 9.0588 min, and the highest KT50 of beta-cypermethrin was at 27.4794 min. Conclusion Anopheles sinensis in Shenyang has some resistance to beta-cypermethrin. Therefore, pesticides should be used reasonably to delay the development of drug resistance. Anopheles sinensis is relatively sensitive to propoxur and can be used as the main insecticide at this stage.