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出血是许多疾病的临床表现,可由出血性疾病引起,也可能因局部组织损伤所致。出血性疾病的病因主要包括血管因素、血小板因素及凝血功能异常等。因此,出血的原因不同,发病机理也各异。所谓止血药,通常只能作用于止血过程的某些环节而达到止血目的,并无万能的止血药。因此,对止血药的应用应针对出血的原因合理选择药物,切忌滥用。否则不但达不到止血目的,有时反会加重症状。一、临床常用止血药的分类 (一)作用于血管因素的止血药物 1.作用于毛细血管的药物有糖皮质激素、安络血及止血敏。糖皮质激素能增加毛细血管的抵抗力,降低毛细血管的通透性,因而对血管因素所致的出血
Bleeding is a clinical manifestation of many diseases that can be caused by hemorrhagic disease and may also be due to local tissue damage. The causes of hemorrhagic diseases include vascular factors, platelet factors and coagulation disorders. Therefore, the causes of bleeding are different, the pathogenesis is also different. The so-called hemostatic drugs, usually only act on certain aspects of the hemostasis process to achieve the purpose of hemostasis, there is no panacea hemostatic. Therefore, the application of hemostatic drugs should be reasonably selected for the reasons for bleeding drugs, should not abuse. Otherwise, not only fail to achieve the purpose of hemostasis, and sometimes will aggravate the symptoms. First, the clinical classification of hemostatic drugs (A) of the hemostatic drugs on the vascular factors 1. The role of drugs in the capillaries are glucocorticoid, the network of blood and bleeding sensitivity. Glucocorticoids increase capillary resistance, reduce capillary permeability, and thus cause vascular-related bleeding