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眼局部用药通过各种机理对外眼产生不良副作用,这些机理有免疫学、光免疫学或光毒性、刺激性或中毒性、蓄积性沉着、黑色素变异以及微生物平衡紊乱等。眼球或眼部组织对这些药物反应不同,表现为皮肤改变,乳头滤泡性、角化或瘢痕化结膜炎,上皮性、溃疡性、新生血管形成或瘢痕化角膜炎,色素过多症或色素过少症,以及感染并发症。临床工作者必须对这些问题或对因治疗而产生的医源性疾病经常保持警惕。本文目的是希望促使对眼局部用药的副作用有更好的预防、认识和治疗。
Topical eye medication has adverse side effects on the outer eye through a variety of mechanisms such as immunology, photoimmunology or phototoxicity, irritation or toxicity, accumulation of stasis, melanin variation, and microbial balance disorders. Eyeballs or ocular tissues respond differently to these drugs and are manifested as skin changes, papillary follicles, keratosis or scarring conjunctivitis, epithelial, ulcerative, neovascularization or scarring keratitis, hyperpigments or pigments Too few disorders, and infection complications. Clinicians must be constantly vigilant about these problems or about iatrogenic diseases that result from the treatment. The purpose of this paper is to promote better prevention, recognition and treatment of the side effects of topical eye medication.