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自调式节流制冷器具有结构简单、响应速度快、稳定工作时间长等突出优势,在红外制导领域具有广泛的应用。镍基封闭充压波纹管作为自调式J-T节流制冷机的自调节机构的主要组成部分,其刚度特性对于实现稳定可靠自调过程非常重要。首先建立了自调式有限元模型,求解了波纹管刚度,进而将刚度的有限元求解结果与现有算法进行了对比分析。在此基础上,深入分析了环境温度、波纹管壁厚、波拱高度、倒角、波距等参数变化对波纹管刚度的影响,深入剖析了不同参数影响下,波纹管刚度变化规律。结果显示,有限元计算的刚度值与现有算法比起来更加准确。温度和波拱高度与刚度负相关,壁厚与刚度正相关,波纹倒角变化的影响可忽略。波距对刚度的影响并不稳定,波距在一定范围内变化时,刚度呈现先下降后上升的趋势。
Self-tuning throttle cooler with simple structure, fast response, long working hours and other outstanding advantages in the field of infrared guidance has a wide range of applications. As a main part of the self-adjusting mechanism of the self-adjusting J-T throttling chiller, the nickel-based closed pressure bellows is very important for achieving stable and reliable self-adjusting process. First of all, a self-adjusting finite element model is established to solve the stiffness of the bellows, and then the stiffness finite element solution is compared with the existing algorithms. On this basis, the influence of the change of parameters such as ambient temperature, corrugated wall thickness, wave arch height, chamfering, wave pitch and other parameters on the stiffness of the bellows is deeply analyzed. The variation regularity of the bellows stiffness under different parameters is deeply analyzed. The results show that the stiffness of finite element calculation is more accurate than the existing one. The relationship between temperature and wave arch height and stiffness is negative, wall thickness and stiffness are positively correlated, and the effect of chamfer chamfering is negligible. The influence of the pitch on the stiffness is not stable. When the wave pitch changes within a certain range, the stiffness of the pile tends to decrease and then increase.