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[目的]通过对贵州省农村居民有关新型农村合作医疗制度的相关调查,从农村居民角度探讨新农合在实施中存在的问题,为促进新农合健康可持续发展提供依据。[方法]采用定性调查(深入访谈法)和定量调查(访谈式问卷调查)相结合的方法,调查7县(市)1992名农村居民。数据库建立和资料的统计分析与处理采用SPSS14.0软件进行。[结果]1992人中新农合参合率97.6%,351人(17.6%)住院费用获得新农合报销。79.2%对新农合表示满意。不满意集中在药品价格、基层诊疗水平、报销程序、基层政府的管理等方面。[结论]贵州省新型农村合作医疗制度的实施在一定程度上减轻了农村居民疾病的经济负担。为保障新农合的健康运行,应从政府、机构和人群3个角度采取相应措施。
[Objective] Through the investigation about the new rural cooperative medical system of rural residents in Guizhou Province, this paper discusses the problems existing in the implementation of the new rural cooperative medical system from the angle of rural residents and provides the basis for promoting the healthy and sustainable development of NCMS. [Methods] A total of 1992 rural residents in 7 counties (cities) were surveyed by qualitative survey (in-depth interview) and quantitative survey (interview questionnaire). Database establishment and data statistical analysis and processing using SPSS14.0 software. [Results] In 1992, the rate of NRCMS co-operation was 97.6% and 351 (17.6%) hospitalization expenses were reimbursed by NRCMS. 79.2% are satisfied with the NCMS. Dissatisfaction focused on drug prices, the level of basic diagnosis and treatment, reimbursement procedures, grass-roots government management and so on. [Conclusion] The implementation of the new-type rural cooperative medical system in Guizhou Province has lessened the economic burden of rural residents to a certain extent. In order to ensure the healthy operation of NCMS, corresponding measures should be taken from the perspectives of the government, institutions and populations.