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一、同义词是否需要词性一致,是个有争议的问题。有的学者认为“不同词类的词,只要意义相近,也就可以属于同义词。”或者同义词用法上的不同可以“表现在词性不同”上。还有的学者持截然相反的意见,认为“同义词一定要按照词类来划分”,“只有词性相同的词才有可能在彼此间建立起同义关系”,并且列举美国和苏联出版的五种同义词词典,指出“这样的词典,一般作为词目的每组同义词,都是具有共同词性的。”由于理论上的分歧,导致在汉语同义词词典的编纂上对同义词词组的词性处理有两种不同的做法,我国第一部现代汉语同义词词典张志毅的《简明同义词典》(以下简称JT),对极少数同义词词组标注了不同的词性,而我国目前影响较大的一部同义词词典刘叔新主编的《现代汉语同义词词典》(以下简称XT),对选收的所有同义词词组无一例外地标注了相同的词性。
First, the synonym whether the need for part of speech, is a controversial issue. Some scholars think that “different parts of the word, as long as the similar meaning, it can belong to the synonym.” Or synonyms of the difference can be “expressed in different parts of the speech.” Some scholars hold the opposite opinion that “synonyms must be divided according to the part of speech,” “only the same part of speech may be able to establish a synonymous relationship between each other,” and lists the United States and the Soviet Union published five synonyms Dictionary, pointing out that “such a dictionary, generally as a synonym for each group of terms, are common to the word.” Due to theoretical differences, resulting in the compilation of Chinese thesaurus synonym phrases in the word processing there are two different approaches , The “Synonymous Dictionary of Conciseness” (abbreviated as JT) by Zhang Zhiyi, the first modern Chinese synonym dictionary in China, annotates a few part-of-speech features for the very few synonym phrases, and the most influential Synonyms Dictionary, Chinese Synonyms Dictionary "(hereinafter referred to as XT), for all the synonyms received by the phrase without exception, marked the same part of speech.