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柴油机的燃油喷射和燃烧,与发动机的性能、排气特性、噪声及强度等有直接关系,并在很大程度上影响发动机的综合性能。尤其是近年来,随着燃料情况的恶化,燃油经济性问题被人们所重视,现正在努力进行许多改善工作。为了降低发动机的燃油消耗率,首先要减少摩擦损失和泵气损失等,此外,改善机械效率也很重要;另一方面,通过改善燃油喷射—燃烧系统来提高指示热效率也同等重要。本文着重想就小型直喷式柴油机的燃油喷射和燃烧及其基本事项加以说明。
Diesel fuel injection and combustion, and the performance of the engine, exhaust characteristics, noise and strength are directly related to, and to a large extent affect the overall performance of the engine. In recent years, in particular, the issue of fuel economy has been taken seriously by the deteriorating fuel situation and many improvements are being made. In order to reduce the fuel consumption of the engine, friction loss and pump loss should be reduced first. In addition, it is also important to improve the mechanical efficiency. On the other hand, it is also important to improve the indicated thermal efficiency by improving the fuel injection-combustion system. This article focuses on the small direct injection diesel fuel injection and combustion and its basic matters to be described.