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1.本文对国人新鲜离体心脏50例(30例铸型标本,20例解剖标本)的心房动脉的分支起点、口径和行径分布进行了观察和测量。 2.窦房结动脉多数为第一或第二房前支。起于右冠状动脉者26例(52％),口径1.2～2.2mm。起于左冠状动脉24例(48％),口径1.1～2.0mm。行径均和房间前沟及房间肌束有关。左、右窦房结动脉以“逆时针”型终止于上腔静脉口的多见。以“逆时针”型绕上腔静脉口时多数在界沟附近有一下行袢,此袢在房间后沟内仅见2例,与McAlpine的观察结果不同。本文有6例为其它起点的窦房结动脉,其中4例起于左房旋支,2例为右冠状动脉末端终支的延伸。 3.Kugel动脉为左、右冠状动脉的近端分支,可来自左或右窦房结动脉或左、右房前支。从房间前沟下部入隔(入隔时口径为0.1～1.2mm)。在隔内的行径,分布较恒定,沿卵圆窝下缘后行,并可与心房后壁的左、右冠状动脉的分支吻合,为冠状动脉重要的侧副循环途径。 4.房室结动脉起于右冠状动脉占94％,起于左冠状动脉占6％。口径为0.4～1.9mm,多为1支。2例为双房室结动脉,均起自右冠状动脉。有2例房室结动脉起于左室后支,穿行左室后壁的心肌,经左、右房室口之间到达房室结。房室结动脉在房室交叉点处起于冠状动脉“U”形弯曲顶端的占44.23％,起于平直型冠状动脉的占36.5％,有“U”形弯曲但不起于“U”形顶端的占19.24％。此动脉行在左、右房室口之间的行径以中间型居多,左偏型及右偏型少见。 5.本文对心房动脉的某些形态特点及其与临床应用的意义进行了讨论。
1. In this paper, we observed and measured the origin, caliber and path distribution of the atrial arteries in 50 freshly isolated hearts from 30 Chinese natives (30 casts and 20 anatomical specimens). 2. The majority of sinus node artery for the first or second anterior branch. From the right coronary artery in 26 cases (52%), caliber 1.2 ~ 2.2mm. From the left coronary artery in 24 cases (48%), caliber 1.1 ~ 2.0mm. The behavior is related to the room ditch and room muscle bundles. Right and left sinus atrial artery to “counterclockwise” type terminating in the superior vena cava more common. In the “counterclockwise” type around the superior vena cava when the majority of the mouth in the ditch near the line there is a line 此, this 袢 in the ditch in the room only 2 cases, with the observations of McAlpine different. This article has 6 cases of other starting point for the sinus node arteries, of which 4 cases originated in the left atrial rotation branch, 2 cases of the termination of the right coronary artery terminal extension. 3.Kugel artery for the left and right coronary artery proximal branch can be from the left or right sinus node artery or right and left anterior branch. From the room before the ditch into the interval (interval of 0.1 ~ 1.2mm diameter). In the interval of the act, the distribution is relatively constant along the lower edge of the fossa oval line and can be with the atrial posterior wall of the left and right coronary artery branch anastomosis, coronary artery important side-way pathway. Atrioventricular node artery from the right coronary artery accounted for 94%, starting from the left coronary artery accounted for 6%. Diameter of 0.4 ~ 1.9mm, mostly for a. 2 cases of dual atrioventricular node artery, all from the right coronary artery. There are 2 cases of atrioventricular node artery from the left posterior branch of the left ventricular wall through the myocardium, the left and right atrioventricular node between the atrioventricular node. Atrioventricular nodal artery in the atrioventricular junction from the coronary “U” curved top accounted for 44.23%, from the straight coronary artery accounted for 36.5%, a “U” -shaped bend but can not afford to “U” Shaped top accounted for 19.24%. This line of arteries in the left and right atrioventricular intercostal line between the majority of the middle, left partial and right partial rare. 5. This article discusses some morphological characteristics of atrial artery and its clinical significance.