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风能作为一种成本接近于常规能源、技术发展相对成熟的可再生能源,近年来在中国得到迅速发展。面对风电市场需求的爆炸式增长及产业规模迅速发展,中国风电设备制造业的技术水平及创新能力却发展缓慢。政府需要平衡对市场和技术的干预以促进本国产业技术能力的进步,消除本国产业在国际化影响下的市场失灵,促进企业的技术创新,提高企业的技术能力。在此背景下,本文从政策对微观层面——企业的干预角度出发,提出分析当前中国促进风能设备制造企业技术能力成长的政策工具的“技术市场,供方需方”二维分析框架,并基于该框架尝试引入系统动力学方法,对政策工具作用于企业过程,进行系统仿真。通过政策仿真试验,本文将各类政策工具对不同特征的企业技术能力的影响进行对比,最终得出提高中国风电设备制造企业技术能力成长的政策建议。
As a kind of renewable energy whose cost is close to that of conventional energy and its technology is relatively mature, wind energy has been rapidly developed in China in recent years. In the face of the explosive growth in the market demand for wind power and the rapid development of industrial scale, the technological level and innovation capability of China’s wind power equipment manufacturing industry has been slow to develop. The government needs to balance the intervention of the market and technology to promote the progress of its industrial technological capabilities, eliminate the market failure of the domestic industry under the influence of internationalization, promote the technological innovation of enterprises, and improve the technological capabilities of enterprises. In this context, this paper proposes a “two-dimensional analysis framework” of the “technology market, supply side demand side” analysis of current policy tools for promoting the development of wind power equipment manufacturing companies’ technological capabilities in China. , And based on the framework’s attempt to introduce system dynamics methods, policy tools are applied to the enterprise process and system simulations are conducted. Through policy simulation experiments, this paper compares the impact of various policy tools on the technical capabilities of different characteristics of the enterprise and finally concludes policy recommendations for improving the technological capabilities of Chinese wind power equipment manufacturing companies.