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采用种子愈伤组织培养研究15个籼稻和硬稻品种的愈伤组织诱导及植株再生。还测定了选择性培养基不同氯化钠浓度对愈伤组织生长及植株再生的影响。不同品种愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的能力差异显著。在不加酵母及酪旦白提取物的培养基中,愈伤组织诱导频率从32％至85％。但当加入上述物质时,使诱导频率提高至将近100％。植株再生频率从IR8、IR26、IR30、IR36以及“Koshihikari”的0％至“台中65”的62％。植株再生频率随着愈伤组织培养时间的延长而下降。不过,“台中65”及“Nona Bokra”培养27周的愈伤组织还保持30％-40％的再生能力。“台中65“的愈伤组织即使生长了47周还能再生成植株。选择性培养基加进氯化钠对愈伤组织生长及随后的植株再生有显著影响。在氯化钠浓度为2％时,只有少数愈伤组织略有生长:氯化钠浓度低于1％时,愈伤组织生长良好。1.5％的氯化钠浓度抑制愈伤组织生长,但在第一筛选阶段仍然保持中等的生长速度。所有供试的品种,用培养11周的愈伤组织在氯化钠浓度较高的情况下植株再生频率仍较高。
Callus induction and plant regeneration of 15 indica and hardy rice varieties were studied using seed callus culture. The effects of different sodium chloride concentrations in selective medium on callus growth and plant regeneration were also determined. Different varieties of callus induction and plant regeneration ability significantly different. Callus induction frequency ranged from 32% to 85% in medium without yeast and casein extract. However, when these substances were added, the induction frequency was increased to nearly 100%. Plant regeneration frequency ranged from IR8, IR26, IR30, IR36 and 0% of “Koshihikari” to 62% of “Taichung 65”. Plant regeneration frequency decreased with the extension of callus culture time. However, callus cultured for 27 weeks in “Taichung 65” and “Nona Bokra” still maintained 30% -40% of regenerative capacity. The “Taichung 65” callus can regenerate into plants even after 47 weeks of growth. The addition of selective medium to sodium chloride has a significant effect on callus growth and subsequent plant regeneration. At a sodium chloride concentration of 2%, only a few callus grew slightly: Callus grew well when the sodium chloride concentration was less than 1%. The 1.5% sodium chloride concentration inhibited callus growth but maintained a moderate growth rate during the first screening stage. All of the cultivars tested had higher frequency of plant regeneration with higher concentrations of sodium chloride in callus cultured for 11 weeks.