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目的 探讨2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二(噁)英(TCDD)的神经毒性.方法 选择人星形胶质细胞和人神经母细胞瘤细胞(SH-SY5Y),4个染毒组和对照组分别暴露于1、10、50、100 nmol/L TCDD和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)24 h.用透射电镜观察细胞线粒体超微结构,用RT-PCR检测细胞的线粒体相关基因mRNA表达水平.结果 透射电镜观察到TCDD染毒组细胞线粒体嵴数目减少,出现空泡化.RT-PCR结果显示,与对照组相比,染毒组两种细胞HSPD1、MFN1、MFN2、SLC25A10mRNA的表达水平下降,TSPO和SLC25A 27 mRNA的表达水平升高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 TCDD对星形胶质细胞和SH-SY5Y细胞具有损伤作用,可以影响神经细胞线粒体的正常形态、正常转运功能和动力学过程.“,”Objective To study the effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on the human central nervous system.Methods Human astrocytes and human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) were used to explore the toxicity induced by TCDD.The experimental groups were exposed to TCDD at the doses of 1,10,50 and 100 nmol/L respectively,and the control group was treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).The ultrastructure changes of mitochondria were examined by transmission electron microscopy.RT-PCR methods were used to study the effect of TCDD exposure on the expression of mitochondrial related genes.Results By transmission electron microscope,the decrease of mitochondrial cristae number and the formation of vacuoles were observed in the TCDD-treated cells.Compared with the control group,TCDD exposure decreased the mRNA expression of HSPD1,MFN1,MFN2 and SLC25A 10 (P＜0.05) and increased the mRNA expression of SLC25A27 and TSPO (P＜ 0.05) in human astrocytes and human neuroblastoma cells.Conclusion TCDD can damage astrocytes and SH-SY5Y cells,which can affect the normal morphology,normal transport function and dynamic process of mitochondria.