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目的掌握珲春铁路口岸地区鼠类种群构成及体表寄生虫种类、季节消长规律和携带病原情况,防止鼠传疾病在珲春铁路口岸的传入和传出,为加强检验检疫工作和改善预防措施提供科学依据。方法于2013年12月至2014年11月采用夹夜法在珲春铁路口岸捕捉鼠类、采集体外寄生虫,取鼠血、肺、肝、蜱、肾并进行病原检测。结果共捕获鼠类123只,经分类鉴定隶属于2目3科5属7种;黑线姬鼠为优势种,占64.23%,其次为褐家鼠,占26.02%。季节消长情况:鼠类年平均密度为1.14%,全年以4、5、6月较高,最高为2.89%,病原检测情况:检出抗汉坦病毒Ig G抗体阳性16份,平均带毒率为13.01%,其中褐家鼠带毒率为28.13%,黑线姬鼠带毒率为7.59%。钩端螺旋体核酸阳性鼠5只。结论本次调查显示,珲春铁路口岸的鼠类密度已超过国家规定标准要求,且抗汉坦病毒和钩端螺旋体阳性率较高。应掌握其变化规律,采取措施有针对性地开展预防与控制工作。
Objective To understand the composition of rodent population and the types of parasites on the surface of Hunchun railway port, the pattern of seasonal fluctuation and the pathogen carry, to prevent the transmission of rodent disease at Hunchun railway crossing, to provide inspection and quarantine work and improve preventive measures Scientific basis. Methods From December 2013 to November 2014, the rats were caught in the Hunchun railway port by the method of cling to the night and the ectoparasites were collected. The blood, lung, liver, ticks, and kidneys were collected and tested for pathogens. Results A total of 123 rodents were captured and classified into 2 orders, 3 families, 5 genera and 7 species. The dominant species was Apodemus agrarius, accounting for 64.23%, followed by Rattus norvegicus, accounting for 26.02%. Seasonal growth and decline: The annual average density of rodents was 1.14%, which was higher in April, May and June, up to 2.89%. Pathogen detection: 16 positive anti-Hantavirus IgG antibodies were detected, The rate was 13.01%, among which the browning rate was 28.13% and the black ribbon was 7.59%. Leptospira nucleic acid positive mice 5. Conclusion The survey shows that the density of rodents in Hunchun railway port has exceeded the national standard requirements, and the positive rates of anti-Hantaan virus and Leptospira are high. Should grasp the changing rules, take measures to carry out targeted prevention and control.