论文部分内容阅读
目的分析天津市西青区2012—2014年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价疫苗接种安全性和AEFI监测系统运转情况。方法通过AEFI信息管理系统及月报表,收集天津市西青区2012—2014年报告的AEFI个案,并采用描述流行病学研究方法对个案数据进行分析。结果西青区2012—2014年共报告AEFI 362例,报告发生率为4.12/万剂。发生年龄多为0岁组,占46.41%;发生间隔多是接种疫苗后0~1 d,占84.81%;造成反应的疫苗主要是百白破疫苗、麻疹疫苗和23价肺炎疫苗;临床诊断一般反应以发热红肿硬结为主,异常反应以过敏性皮疹为主。结论西青区AEFI监测系统运转良好,监测工作质量不断提高;同时应继续加强各社区卫生服务中心医务人员AEFI诊断、分类及处理方面的培训,严格掌握疫苗接种的适应证和禁忌证,减少儿童接种后AEFI的发生。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected AEFI in Xiqing District of Tianjin from 2012 to 2014 and evaluate the safety of vaccination and the operation of AEFI monitoring system. Methods Through the AEFI information management system and monthly reports, AEFI cases of 2012-2014 report in Xiqing District, Tianjin were collected and the case data were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 362 AEFI cases were reported in Xiqing District from 2012 to 2014, with a reported incidence of 4.12 per 10,000 doses. Occurring mostly in 0-year-old group, accounting for 46.41%; occurred more interval 0 to 1 d after vaccination, accounting for 84.81%; the vaccine is mainly caused by diphtheriae vaccine, measles vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine; general clinical diagnosis Response to the main inflamed red knot reaction, anaphylactic reaction abnormal reaction-based rash. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Xiqing District is in good condition and the quality of monitoring work is continuously improved. At the same time, training on diagnosis, classification and treatment of AEFI among medical staff in community health centers should be continued. Strictly grasping the indications and contraindications of vaccination and reducing the number of children AEFI after vaccination.