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本文报道1975～1981年间,从浙江省各地采集麦类赤霉病穗标样500个,分离获得1203个纯菌株,鉴定结果分别属于镰刀菌的12个种和变种。其中禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)占总标样数的93.9%;串珠镰刀菌(F.moniliforme)占2.4%;锐顶镰刀菌(F.acuminatum)占1.2%;砖红镰刀菌(F.lateritum)占0.6%;燕麦镰刀菌(F.avenaceum)和木贼镰刀菌(F.equiseti)均占0.4%;三线镰刀菌(F.tricinctum)、雪腐镰刀菌(F.niva-le)、半裸镰刀菌(F.semitectum)、镰状镰刀菌(F.fusarioides)、尖孢镰刀菌(F.oxysporum)、尖孢镰刀菌芬芳变种(F.oxysporum var.redolens)均占0.2%。从福建寄来要求鉴定的标样中,还分离到弯角镰刀菌(F.camptoceras)。通过对小麦穗腐致病力测定的结果,禾谷镰刀菌为“强”,弯角镰刀菌为“中一强”,锐顶镰刀菌、三线镰刀菌、燕麦镰刀菌为“中”,其余均为“中一弱”或“弱”的致病菌。文中对有关镰刀菌鉴定方法和麦类赤霉病致病种问题加以讨论。
This article reports from 1975 to 1981, collected from all over Zhejiang Province sclerosthus spike standard samples 500, isolated 1203 pure strains, identification results belong to Fusarium 12 species and varieties. Among them, Fusarium graminearum accounted for 93.9% of the total number of samples; F. moniliforme accounted for 2.4%; F. acuminatum accounted for 1.2%; Fusarium graminearum (F. lateritum accounted for 0.6%, F.avenaceum and F. equiseti accounted for 0.4%, F.tricinctum, F. niva-le, F. semitectum, F. fusarioides, F.oxysporum, F. oxysporum var. Redolens accounted for 0.2%. From Fujian sent the request for identification of the standard sample, also isolated F. Fusarium (F. camptoceras). Through the test results of pathogenicity of wheat ear rot, the results showed that Fusarium graminearum was “strong”, Fusarium oxysporum was “Zhongyiqiang”, Fusarium raminum, Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium oxysporum were “Zhongzhong” Are “a weak” or “weak” pathogenic bacteria. In this paper, the identification of Fusarium and wheat Scab pathogens are discussed.