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针对煤巷顶板煤岩的复杂性及顶板岩层破坏难以有效控制、预测问题,考虑钻头与煤岩相互作用产生耦合振动,通过分析锚杆钻头的受力及其振动特性,以煤岩硬度f=4.2,3.5,2.55为例研究钻削机构钻削完整岩石与破碎岩石时的耦合振动特性。利用最小二乘法原理拟合振动曲线,消除趋势项,并对曲线进行平滑处理。研究表明:在相同钻削条件下随煤岩硬度的增加,钻削机构横向振动半径有所增大;钻削相同硬度煤岩的完整岩石和破碎岩石时钻削机构横向振动半径随煤岩破裂程度的增加而减小。可据此来判断煤巷锚孔内煤岩破碎的范围,进而预测顶板是否存在冒顶隐患及冒顶隐患的程度,亦可据此判断煤巷锚孔内稳定岩层的位置和厚度,为顶板支护参数的设计提供技术支持。
In view of the complexity of coal seam roof coal seam and roof rock failure, it is difficult to effectively control and predict the problem. Considering the interaction between drill bit and coal rock, coupling vibration is generated. By analyzing the stress and vibration characteristics of rock bolt bit, 4.2, 3.5, 2.55 as an example to study the coupling vibration characteristics of the drilling mechanism when drilling intact rock and broken rock. The least squares method is used to fit the vibration curve, eliminate the trend term, and smooth the curve. The results show that the transverse vibration radius of drilling mechanism increases with the increase of the hardness of coal under the same drilling conditions. The transverse vibration radius of the drilling mechanism increases with the failure of coal rock when drilling intact rock and broken rock with the same hardness The degree of increase decreases. Based on this, the range of coal rock breakage in the anchor hole of the coal roadway can be judged, and then the extent of roof caving and roof caving potential can be predicted, and the position and thickness of the stable rock formation in the anchor hole of the coal lane can be judged accordingly. Parameter design to provide technical support.