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目的通过对501例HIV抗体初筛阳性标本复检试验和确证试验结果分析,了解受检样本假阳性分布情况以及筛查试验阳性结果与确证试验结果之间的关系。方法对各HIV初筛实验室送检的初筛阳性血清,采用ELISA法及胶体硒快速法复检后,任一复检试验阳性标本再采用蛋白印迹法做确证试验。结果在501例送检样本中ELISA法、胶体硒快速法和蛋白印迹法检测出HIV阳性例数情况分别为407(81.2%)、388(77.4%)和377(75.2%),以确证试验结果为准,献血员、孕产前检测者的阳性率分别为32.0%和66.7%。结论献血员、孕产前检测者假阳性率较高,复检试验为双阳性的标本与确证结果符合率最高,因此ELISA法结合快速试验是较有效的复检方法。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of false-positives in 501 samples of HIV-positive HIV positive specimens and to confirm the results of confirmatory tests, as well as the relationship between the positive results of screening tests and the confirmatory test results. Methods Positive sera were screened from all HIV screening laboratories. After ELISA and colloidal selenium rapid test, positive samples from any of the retesting tests were confirmed by Western blot. Results The number of HIV positive cases detected by ELISA, colloidal selenium rapid test and Western blotting were 407 (81.2%), 388 (77.4%) and 377 (75.2%) respectively in 501 samples tested to confirm the test results Prevalence, blood donors, the positive rate of prenatal testing were 32.0% and 66.7%. Conclusion There is a high false-positive rate among blood donors and prenatal testers, and the coincidence rate between the double positive specimens and the confirmed ones is the highest. Therefore, the combination of ELISA and rapid test is more effective.