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最常用的千斤顶有油压千斤顶和螺杆千斤顶,其活塞顶杆和螺旋顶杆都是受压杆件,都存在稳定性计算问题。这些计算,一般都参照机械设计手册[1]、[2],而这些手册中的计算公式均来自文献[3]。由于生产的发展,要求使用大型千斤顶,如水电站闸门启闭用的油压千斤顶,大型机械的螺旋千斤顶等等,都迫切要求有一个简便而切合实际的压杆稳定计算方法。本文对文献[3]进行了一些分析讨论,提出了顶杆稳定计算的简便方法,计算了三个实例,并与文献[3]进行对比分析与讨论。一、现行计算方法的优缺点1.两端铰接阶梯截面压杆临界载荷计算公式如图1所示,两端铰接阶梯截面的压杆变形的通解为:
The most commonly used jacks have hydraulic jacks and screw jacks, the piston jacks and spiral jacks are pressed rod members, there are stability calculation problems. These calculations are generally based on mechanical design manuals [1], [2], and the calculation formulas in these manuals are from [3]. Due to the development of production, requiring the use of large jacks, such as hydraulic jacks for opening and closing of hydropower stations, screw jacks for large machinery and the like, there is an urgent need for a simple and practical method for calculating the stability of the compression bar. In this paper, some analysis and discussion of the literature [3], put forward a simple method of stability calculation of jacks, calculated three examples, and compared with the literature [3] analysis and discussion. First, the advantages and disadvantages of the current calculation method 1. The formula for calculating the critical load of the two-end articulated stepped section struts is shown in Figure 1, the general solution of the strut deformation at both ends of the articulated stepped section is: