石墨烯基复合水凝胶的制备及其在海水脱盐净化中的应用

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利用一步化学还原法将二硫化钼(MoS2)纳米花嵌入石墨烯中,制得一种多孔的光热复合水凝胶,即二硫化钼夹层石墨烯水凝胶,其与人工蒸腾装置相结合用于构筑太阳能驱动的界面水蒸发体系.通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线粉末衍射仪、紫外可见-近红外分光光度计及红外热像仪测试材料的形貌和理化性能,并将复合水凝胶置于模拟太阳光下进行水蒸发及脱盐试验.结果表明:MoS2能稳定分散在石墨烯纳米片中,且二者的结合有助于增强材料的光热性能.结合人工蒸腾装置的特殊热定位和快速补水优势,该光热体系能够实现水的快速蒸发,在3.6 kW/m2光照下水蒸发速率(15.6 kg·m2/h)约为自然蒸发的33倍,并且复合水凝胶具有良好的稳定性和高效的脱盐效果,具有清洁水生产的应用前景.
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