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一、概述 1.水利化和水土保持措施按其性质可以分为两类:一为冶坡及田间工程措施,包括鱼鳞坑、水平溝、地埂、梯田、深翻地、造林和人工牧埸等;二为蓄水工程,包括水库、塘堰、水窖和澇池等。 2.水利化和水土保持措施对于洪水径流的影响,主要有四方面:一是增加了土壤的入滲能力;二是增加了地面攔蓄徑流的能力;三是延長了洪水徑流的集流时間;四是增加了水库調节作用。
I. Overview 1. Water conservancy and soil and water conservation measures can be classified into two types according to their nature: one is slope slope and field engineering measures, including fish scale pit, horizontal trench, terrain, terraced fields, deep plowing, afforestation and artificial grazing Etc .; two water storage projects, including reservoirs, ponds, cisterns and waterlogging ponds and so on. 2. Water conservancy and water and soil conservation measures for flood runoff, there are four main aspects: First, increasing the infiltration capacity of the soil; the second is to increase the ability of the ground to intercept runoff; the third is to extend the flood runoff collection time Fourth, an increase of reservoir regulation.