论文部分内容阅读
季铵盐是萃取铂、钯的优良试剂,已广泛应用于铂族元素的分离,季铵盐从盐酸体系中萃取铂、钯是按阴离子交换机理进行的。金属配阴离子按阴离子交换机理与有机阳离子生成缔合物。PtCl_6~(2-)的电荷密度比PdCl_4~(2-)的小,根据最小电荷密度原理,Pt(Ⅳ)应比Pd(Ⅱ)易被萃取。
Quaternary ammonium salts are excellent reagents for the extraction of platinum and palladium. They have been widely used in the separation of platinum group elements. Quaternary ammonium salts are used to extract platinum from hydrochloric acid. The palladium is based on the anion exchange mechanism. Metal Anions Anions associate with organic cations in an anion exchange mechanism. The charge density of PtCl_6 ~ (2-) is smaller than that of PdCl_4 ~ (2-). According to the principle of minimum charge density, Pt (Ⅳ) should be more easily extracted than Pd (Ⅱ).