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同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)是一种与半胱氨酸同系的四碳含硫氨基酸,在细胞内由蛋氨酸代谢脱去甲基后形成,是蛋氨酸代谢的中间产物。近年来,越来越多的研究表明同型半胱氨酸是一种反应性血管损伤氨基酸,具有细胞毒性,与微血管疾病如糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)存在着密切的关系。Hcy可通过氧化应激系统影响血管内皮的功能,促进低密度脂蛋白过氧化,造成细胞结构和功能的破坏,通过诱导多种趋化因子、黏附分子等在体内的表达,而导致微血管疾病的发生。就Hcy与DR发病的相关性及其发病机制的研究现状进行综述。
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a four-carbon sulfur homologue of homocysteine, which is formed after methylation of methionine in the cell. It is an intermediate of methionine metabolism. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that homocysteine is a reactive vascular injury amino acid, with cytotoxicity, and microvascular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) there is a close relationship. Hcy can affect the function of vascular endothelium through oxidative stress system, promote the LDL-induced oxidative damage of cell structure and function, induce the expression of many chemokines and adhesion molecules in vivo, and lead to the microvascular disease occur. The correlation between Hcy and DR and its pathogenesis were reviewed.