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法院是为了解决争议而设立的机构。最高法院作为各国最高司法机关有着相同或近似的性质,其地位和审级最高,审理对象侧重于具有重大公共利益和法律意义的案件,作出的生效判决对于纠纷的解决具有终局效力。最高法院的职能又不仅仅局限于解决纠纷,其根据法的精神和目的适用法律,是一个制定公共政策的机构。作为国家权力的重要组成部分,最高法院在行使司法权时对于涉及重大政治结构和国家权力关系等问题应保持必要的克制。由于司法审查权的运用,其在制约其他国家权力机关、维护国家长治久安方面扮演着越来越重要的社会角色。
The court is the body set up to resolve disputes. As the supreme judicial organ of all countries, the Supreme People’s Court has the same or similar character with the highest status and trial level. The trial subjects focus on cases of major public interest and legal significance, and the effective judgment made by the Supreme Court has the ultimate effect on the settlement of disputes. The functions of the Supreme Court are not limited to settling disputes. Their application to law in accordance with the spirit and purpose of the law is a body that formulates public policies. As an important part of state power, the Supreme People’s Court should exercise the necessary restraint on such issues as the relationship between major political structures and state power when exercising judicial power. Due to the use of judicial review power, it plays an increasingly important social role in restricting the organs of power in other countries and safeguarding the long-term stability of the country.