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以粳稻品种吉隆868和通禾833为供试材料,研究在旱直播条件下播种量对产量、干物质积累与分配以及光合特性的影响。结果表明,水稻产量随播种量的增加呈先增后减趋势,吉隆868和通禾833的最高产量分别出现在播种量为180万和150万粒/hm2;随播种量增加,有效穗数先增后减,每穗颖花数和每穗成粒数均减少,千粒重变化不大。在拔节期两品种茎蘖数均随着播种量的增加而增大。产量达到最高时,不仅成熟期单茎和群体干物质积累量最大,且抽穗期-成熟期的干物质积累量和群体生产率也最高。剑叶和倒二叶的叶绿素含量和净光合速率均随着播种量的增大而减小。研究表明通过控制播种量保证足够的基本苗数,既可以优化群体结构又可以提高光合效率,从而获得高产。
The effects of sowing amount on yield, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and photosynthetic characteristics under direct seeding conditions were studied using Japonica rice varieties Jilong 868 and Tonghe 833 as test materials. The results showed that the yield of rice increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of seeding rate, and the highest yield of Jilong 868 and Tonghe 833 appeared in the seeding rate of 1.8 million and 1.5 million / hm2, respectively. With the increase of seeding rate, Increase and decrease, the number of spikelets per panicle and the number of grains per panicle were reduced, little change in grain weight. The number of stems and tillers in two varieties increased with the increase of seeding rate at jointing stage. At the highest yield, dry matter accumulation of single stems and populations was greatest at maturity, with highest dry matter accumulation and population productivity at heading-maturity. The chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf and second leaf reduced with seeding rate increasing. Studies have shown that by controlling the seeding rate to ensure a sufficient number of basic seedlings, both to optimize the population structure and can improve photosynthetic efficiency, resulting in high yield.