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目的了解武汉市武昌区清扫工常见皮肤病患病情况及防护意识和行为。方法随机抽取武汉市273名一线工作的街道清扫工,与他们进行面对面交谈,填写调查问卷,对武汉市武昌区113名环卫后勤行政人员和273名清扫工均进行暴露部位皮肤检查和询问皮肤病史。结果①清扫工夏季皮炎、痱子、冻疮、皲裂、静脉曲张、过敏性鼻炎、脱发的患病率均高于环卫后勤行政人员(均P<0.01)。②青年组清扫工颧部毛细血管扩张、皱纹粗深、脱发发生率明显高于青年组环卫后勤行政人员(均P<0.01)。③74.4%的清扫工知道紫外线有害,更多青年组清扫工了解太阳镜、防晒霜能防紫外线,经常使用防护用品,并表示经过这次调查后会注意加强防护措施。结论清扫工更易患各种皮肤病,应加强宣传教育,提高自我防护的意识和能力,并实施有效的预防保护措施。
Objective To understand the prevalence and protective awareness and behavior of dermatitis in Wuchang District of Wuhan City. Methods A total of 273 first-line street sweepers from Wuhan were randomly selected and interviewed with them. The survey questionnaires were filled in to examine 113 skin sanitation administrators and 273 scavengers in Wuchang District of Wuhan City for skin examination and dermatological history . Results ① The prevalence of summer dermatitis, rash, frostbite, chapped, varicose veins, allergic rhinitis and alopecia were higher than those of sanitation and logistics administrators (all P <0.01). ② young group cleaning workers zygomatic telangiectasia, deep wrinkles, the incidence of hair loss was significantly higher than the youth sanitation and logistics administrators (P <0.01). ③ 74.4% of the cleaners know that UV rays are harmful. More youth group cleaners know about sunglasses. Sunscreens can prevent UV rays and often use protective equipment. They also said that they will pay attention to strengthening protective measures after this investigation. Conclusions Sweeping workers are more susceptible to various dermatological diseases. Publicity and education should be stepped up, awareness and ability of self-protection should be enhanced, and effective prevention and protection measures should be implemented.