论文部分内容阅读
以中华鳖黄河群体的选育基础群体(F0)和太湖群体为对照群体,采用微卫星标记技术对黄河群体的选育世代F1、F2及F3的遗传变异进行了测定和分析。结果表明:(1)从所筛选的10个微卫星位点中,5个测试群体共检测出240个等位基因;平均等位基因数(Na)为4.60～5.30,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.24～3.59,平均观察杂合度(Ho)为0.483 3～0.530 0,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.594 9～0.645 9,平均多态信息含量(CPI)为0.534 0～0.568 4,这些遗传参数表明中华鳖存在丰富的可供选育用的遗传多样性基础。(2)F1、F2及F3选育世代的遗传多样性参数Ho、He及CPI一致地显示出随着选育代数的增加而降低的明显趋势,证明以生长、体色、体型等表型指标为直观选育指标的群体选育,对遗传型指标产生了可检测到的影响。(3)黄河群体的选育基础群体和3个选育世代在聚类分析中聚为一支,而太湖群体单独为一支,显示中华鳖的黄河、太湖两大地理群体间存在较大遗传分化,3代选育并未改变这一历史性格局。
Genetic diversity of breeding populations F1, F2 and F3 in the Yellow River population was determined and analyzed by microsatellite markers using the breeding base populations (F0) and Taihu population from the Yellow Turtle (Trionyx sinensis) as control. The results showed that: (1) Of the 10 microsatellite loci screened, 240 alleles were detected in 5 test populations; the average number of alleles (Na) was 4.60 to 5.30, the average effective number of alleles (Ne) was 3.24-3.59, average observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.483 3 ~ 0.530 0, average expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.594 9 ~ 0.645 9, and average polymorphism information content (CPI) was 0.534 0 ~ 0.568 4 These genetic parameters indicate that Trionyx sinensis has abundant genetic diversity base for breeding. (2) The genetic diversity parameters Ho, He and CPI of F1, F2 and F3 breeding generations consistently showed the obvious trend of decreasing with the increase of breeding algebra. It was proved that the phenotypic indexes such as growth, body color and body type Breeding for visual selection indices has a detectable impact on genetic markers. (3) The basic population and three breeding generations of the Yellow River population clustered together in the cluster analysis, while the single population of the Taihu Lake population showed that there was a large genetic relationship between the two geographical populations of the Yellow River and the Taihu Lake of the soft-shelled turtle Differentiation, 3 generations of breeding did not change this historic pattern.