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以八成熟Stonyhard型桃‘霞脆’和‘有名白桃’、软溶质桃‘银花露’、硬溶质桃‘湖景蜜露’、不溶质桃‘金童6号’的果实为试材,研究了25℃和4℃贮藏条件下果实软化及乙烯生物合成途径相关基因表达水平的差异。结果显示:两种贮藏温度下,Stonyhard型桃‘有名白桃’和‘霞脆’果实释放极少量乙烯;25℃常温条件下,Stonyhard型桃果实硬度保持较高水平,但4℃低温诱导了‘有名白桃’果实软化。实时荧光定量PCR表明,软溶质、硬溶质和不溶质桃的PpACS1基因均具有高表达丰度,而Stonyhard型‘霞脆’和‘有名白桃’的表达水平极低;两种贮藏温度下,5个桃品种果实在整个贮藏期间均未检测到PpACS2和PpACS3基因的表达。此外,低温诱导了PpACO1基因在Stonyhard型桃‘霞脆’和‘有名白桃’中的表达,‘有名白桃’果实endo-PG基因受低温刺激表达也上调。说明不同肉质类型的桃贮藏期间果实软化与乙烯的生物合成关系密切,不同温度下通过调节相关基因的表达水平进而调控果实软化进程。
The fruits of eight mature Stonyhard peach ’Xia crisp’ and ’famous white peach’, soft solitary peach ’Yinhua Lu’, hard solute Peach Lake honeydew ’, insoluble peach’ Golden Boy 6 ’ Differences in expression levels of genes involved in fruit softening and ethylene biosynthesis pathway under 25 and 4 ℃ storage were studied. The results showed that Stonyhard peach ’famous white peach’ and ’Xiaoshi crisp’ released a very small amount of ethylene under the two storage temperatures. Under the normal temperature of 25 ℃, the firmness of Stonyhard peach remained high, but low temperature of 4 ℃ induced ’ Famous white peach fruit softened. Real-time PCR showed that the PpACS1 gene of soft solute, hard solute and insoluble peach had high expression abundance, while Stonyhard type ’Xia crisp’ and ’famous white peach’ had very low expression level. Under the two storage temperatures, 5 Peach cultivars did not detect PpACS2 and PpACS3 gene expression throughout the storage period. In addition, low temperature induced the expression of PpACO1 gene in Stonyhard peach ’Xiaxian’ and ’Famous white peach’. The expression of endo-PG gene in ’Famous peach’ fruit was also up-regulated by low temperature. The results showed that fruit softening during the storage of different meat types was closely related to the biosynthesis of ethylene, and the regulation of fruit softening process was regulated by regulating the expression of related genes at different temperatures.