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目的了解海南省黎族妇女艾滋病、性病感染状况以及相关的知识、态度和行为。方法在昌江、白沙两县按方便样本抽样,对调查对象做问卷调查,采集阴道分泌物与静脉血等标本,做艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体、衣原体、淋球菌、阴道滴虫、梅毒RPR等5项检测。结果两县黎族妇女能正确回答HIV三种传播途径的占35.6%,发生性行为时从来没有使用过安全套的有44.6%;获得艾滋病相关知识的主要渠道是通过电视。梅毒的感染率为5.5%,衣原体的感染率为5.8%,滴虫性阴道炎的感染率为2.0%。结论海南省黎族妇女中各种性病的感染水平高于当地汉族妇女。原因是流动进城打工,安全套使用率低,防范意识低,提示一旦有HIV传入,极有可能酿成流行。
Objective To understand the AIDS, STD infection and related knowledge, attitude and behavior of Li women in Hainan Province. Methods Samples were collected in two sampling counties in Changjiang and Baisha counties. Questionnaires were collected from the survey subjects. Vaginal secretions and venous blood samples were collected and tested for HIV, Chlamydia, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, and syphilis RPR. Item detection. Results The Li women in both prefectures correctly answered 35.6% of the three transmission routes of HIV and 44.6% of those who had never used condoms when they had sex. The main channel for acquiring AIDS-related knowledge was through television. Syphilis infection rate was 5.5%, chlamydia infection rate was 5.8%, trichomonas vaginitis infection rate was 2.0%. Conclusion The prevalence of venereal diseases among Li women in Hainan Province is higher than that of Han women in the local area. The reason is that migrant workers migrate to cities to work with low rates of condom use and low awareness of precautionary measures, suggesting that it is highly likely to become popular once HIV is introduced.