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目的比较厦门市2006-2011年与1950-1990年尘肺发病情况,分析其出现的新变化。方法收集1950-1990年及2006-2011年厦门市尘肺病例资料。结果 1950-1990年和2006-2011年全市共有尘肺病例332例。其中1950-1990年共有307例,占92.5%;2006-2011年共有25例,占7.5%。发病工种主要是切石、风钻、破碎、电焊。与1950-1990年相比,尘肺种类从以矽肺为主变为以矽肺和电焊工尘肺为主,发病年龄提前、平均发病工龄缩短,女性尘肺病例明显下降(均P<0.05),尘肺期别构成及合并结核无明显变化(均P>0.05)。结论矽肺、电焊工尘肺是厦门市目前尘肺的主要种类,应警惕电焊工尘肺、建筑工地风钻工矽肺逐渐增多的趋势。
Objective To compare the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Xiamen City from 2006 to 2011 and from 1950 to 1990, and to analyze the new changes. Methods The data of pneumoconiosis patients from 1950 to 1990 and from 2006 to 2011 in Xiamen were collected. Results A total of 332 pneumoconiosis cases were reported in the city from 1950 to 1990 and from 2006 to 2011. Among them, there were 307 cases from 1950 to 1990, accounting for 92.5%. There were 25 cases from 2006 to 2011, accounting for 7.5%. The main types of diseases are cut stone, air drill, broken, welding. Compared with 1950-1990, the types of pneumoconiosis mainly changed from silicosis to pneumoconiosis and electrician pneumoconiosis. The age of onset was earlier and the average length of service was shortened. The number of female pneumoconiosis was significantly decreased (both P <0.05) Composition and tuberculosis did not change significantly (all P> 0.05). Conclusions Silicosis and welder pneumoconiosis are the main types of pneumoconiosis in Xiamen City. We should be alert to the trend of increasing the incidence of silicosis in electricians and pneumoconiosis workers in construction sites.