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当上坝地基上层为弱透水覆盖层,下层为强透水层(砂砾层)时,一般采用上游设铺盖和下游设排水沟(井)减压相配合的措施,以控制坝基渗流。黑龙江省大部分水库土坝的地基均属于上述双层地基,但黑龙江省处于寒冷地区,结冻时间长,因此,冰冻对排水减压设施有很大的影响,致使排水沟或减压井在结冻期间出现相反效果,或在初期虽有减压排水效
When the upper layer of the upper dam is a weakly permeable overburden and the lower layer is a strong water permeable layer (gravel layer), measures to reduce the pressure of the dam foundation are generally adopted by the measures of reducing the pressure of the upper and lower drainage pipes (wells). The foundation of most of the dam reservoirs in Heilongjiang Province belong to the above-mentioned two-layer foundation. However, in Heilongjiang Province, where the freezing time is long, the freezing has a significant impact on the drainage and decompression facilities. As a result, The opposite effect occurs during freezing, or decompression drainage effect in the early stage