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[目的]探讨肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行特征,为制订控制HFRS策略提供科学依据。[方法]对胶州市监测点1998~2007年HFRS人间疫情、鼠间疫情监测资料进行分析。[结果]1998~2007年HFRS合计发病566例,年均发病率为7.44/10万,病死率为2.93%。年均发病率,丘陵地区为11.49/10万,平原地区为5.26/10万。566例病人中,春夏季(5~6月)发病的占18.38%,秋冬季(10~12月)发病的占40.46%;男性占74.03%,女性占25.97%;农民占84.63%,工人占6.89%,其他职业占8.48%;5~24岁占14.13%,25~44岁占47.17%,45~75岁占38.87%。1998~2007年合计捕鼠289只,大家鼠占41.87%,小家鼠占48.10%,黑线姬鼠占7.27%,鼩鼱占2.77%;鼠肺HFRS病毒带毒率为1.73%,其中野鼠带毒率为3.44%,家鼠带毒率为1.60%(P>0.05)。[结论]胶州市为混合型HFRS疫区,疫情呈下降趋势,发病季节呈双峰型,男性青壮年农民为高发人群。
[Objective] To explore the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and provide a scientific basis for the development of HFRS control strategy. [Methods] The surveillance data of HFRS human epidemic and inter-mouse epidemic in Jiaozhou from 1998 to 2007 were analyzed. [Results] The total incidence of HFRS from 1998 to 2007 was 566, with an average annual incidence of 7.44 / 100 000 and a case fatality rate of 2.93%. The average annual incidence was 11.49 / 100,000 in hilly areas and 5.26 / 100,000 in plain areas. Among 566 patients, the incidence was 18.38% in spring and summer (May-June) and 40.46% in autumn and winter (October-December), with male accounting for 74.03% and female accounting for 25.97%, while peasants accounting for 84.63% and workers 6.89%, other occupations accounted for 8.48%; 5 to 24 years old accounted for 14.13%, 25 to 44 accounted for 47.17%, 45 to 75 years accounted for 38.87%. From 1998 to 2007, a total of 289 rats were caught, 41.87% of them were rats, 48.10% of them were Mus musculus, 7.27% of them were Apodemus, 2,77% of them were Smilax cats. The incidence of HFRS in rats was 1.73% The rate of poisoning was 3.44% and that of domestic mice was 1.60% (P> 0.05). [Conclusion] The epidemic situation of mixed type HFRS epidemic area in Jiaozhou City showed a decreasing trend, the season of onset was bimodal, and the male and young peasants were the high incidence population.