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1.育苗技术圃地要选在交通方便,地势平坦.能排能灌.土壤肥沃的沙壤或壤土地上,也可在山地育苗,但要在前一年把地整好,每亩施农家肥100担。1.1 砧木的培育:砧木的培育有两种办法,一种是将野生的山楂苗移到圃地培育,一种是采种进行播种育苗。1.1.1 移植野生苗进行培育整苗移植:是在封冻前或是清明前后到山上把野生的山楂苗刨回来.按苗大小分类定植在圃地内,株距一般10～20厘米,行距40～50厘米,也可一次定植在造林地上进行培育,到春天可直接进行劈接。截干移植:多在秋季.把地上部分留5厘米,其余全部截掉,用土埋好,次年春季萌芽后,选留一个健壮的芽条进行培养,到伏天在干径0.5厘米以上进行芽接。埋根法:在冬前或春季挖直径0.3～1厘米的野生山楂根,剪成长10～15厘米的插穗绑成捆,用0.3～0.5ppm的“九二0”生根粉浸泡,再用湿沙堆放六、七天,倾斜插入已整好的圃地,株距10～20厘米,行距45厘米,成活后留一新技,进行摘心加粗培养,伏天可以进行芽接。1.1.2 播种育苗种子的成熟和采收:野生山楂在我省一般5月中,下旬开花,10月中下旬果实成熟,即可组织采收。采收的果实堆放在一起进行沤制,经10～15天腐熟,用石滚碾压或揉搓后放在水中冲洗果肉和杂质,即得种子,约每50公斤果实可出8～11公斤种子,出仁率为20～40％,?
1. Nursery techniques to choose the garden to facilitate traffic, flat terrain. To row irrigation. Soil fertile sandy soil or loam soil, but also in the mountain nursery, but to the previous year to fine, per mu farmhouse Fertilizer 100 Tam. 1.1 rootstock cultivation: There are two ways to cultivate rootstocks, one is to move the wild hawthorn seedling nursery to cultivate, one is planting seedlings for sowing. 1.1.1 Transplantation of wild seedlings to nurture the whole seedlings Transplantation: before or after freezing or clear the mountain to the wild hawthorn planing back planted in the nursery according to the size of the seedlings, the spacing of 10 to 20 cm, spacing 40 ~ 50 Cm, can also be a colonization of afforestation on the ground, to the spring can be directly split. Trunk cut: more in the fall. The left part of the remaining 5 cm, the remaining cut off all, buried with the soil, the next spring after budding, leaving a robust bud to choose to train, to Volt dry diameter of 0.5 cm above the bud . Buried root method: Before or in the winter to dig a diameter of 0.3 to 1 cm of wild hawthorn roots, cut 10 to 15 cm cuttings tied into bundles, with 0.3 ~ 0.5ppm “9 20” rooting powder soaking, and then wet Sand stacked six or seven days, tilted into the garden has been good, spacing of 10 to 20 cm, spacing 45 cm, to stay alive after a new technology, topping in bold culture, V days can budding. 1.1.2 Seeding nursery seed maturity and harvesting: Wild hawthorn in our province generally in mid-May, late flowering, ripe fruit in mid-and late October, the organization can be harvested. The harvested fruits are piled together and triturated. After 10 to 15 days of maturity, they are crushed with stone balls or rubbed and rinsed with flesh and impurities in water to obtain seeds, about 8 to 11 kg of seeds per 50 kg of fruit , The kernel rate is 20 ~ 40% ,?