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世界在寻求解决林业经济与生态保护之矛盾的过程中,自觉或不自觉地产生了一门新的种植业——木材培育(Ligniculture)。例如,新西兰很早就把其森林明确地区分为两部分:一部分是700万公顷的天然林,生产全国20%的木材;一部分是100万公顷的辐射松人工林,生产全国80％的木材。前者的基本作用是生态保护等,而后者的全部作用只是生产木材。现在,巴西大多数林纸公司也都在仿效新西兰的做法,它们在自己的原料生产基地上用经遗传改良的速生树种进行现代化栽培,同时尝试设立天然林保留区体系。刚果也正在把一部分稀树草原改用于速生树种的林木栽培。世界各地普遍开展了超
In seeking to solve the contradiction between forestry economy and ecological protection, the world consciously or unconsciously created a new planting industry - timber cultivation (Ligniculture). For example, New Zealand has long clearly divided its forest into two parts: one part is a natural forest of 7 million hectares producing 20% of the country’s timber; the other part is a 1 million hectare Pinus radiata plantation producing 80% of the country’s timber. The former’s basic role is to protect the environment, while the latter’s full effect is only to produce wood. Now most forest and paper companies in Brazil are following the example of New Zealand, where they modernize their genetically modified fast-growing tree species and try to set up a natural reserve system. The Congo is also shifting some savannahs to the growing of fast-growing tree species. Universal over the world has been super