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应用于火电厂的烟气CO2捕集技术是能实现大规模降低CO2排放的主要手段之一,然而CO2捕集系统的高能耗制约了这一技术的应用和商业化推广.文中依托一套建于燃煤电厂的1000t/a的CO2捕集试验装置的运行测试,对捕集系统进行了能量平衡分析,建立了热平衡方程,对热量输入与输出进行了计算与比较,计算结果验证了热平衡方程的准确性.此外考察了系统主要冷却换热器的冷却负荷分布,结果显示承担再生气冷凝功能的再冷换的冷却负荷占了全系统冷却负荷的54％.针对能量平衡分析中发现的主要问题,提出了从能量利用角度提高工艺性能的两项技术措施,提高系统能量利用率.“,”CO2 capture from flue gas in power plants is one of the main technologies for large scale carbon dioxide emission reduction.However,the high energy penalty for CO2 capture restricts its application and commercialization.Based on a 1000t/a CO2 capture pilot plant for coal-fired flue gas,an energy balance equation was developed and used for energy balance analysis.The energy inputs and outputs were calculated and compared to verify the validity of the energy balance equation.In addition,the distribution of cooling load was studied and the results indicated that the regeneration gas condenser accounts for 54％ of the total cooling load.Based on the major issues revealed in the energy balance analysis,two technological improvement approaches were proposed to improve the energy efficiency of the system.