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种子的播前消毒是科学种田的第一步。种子既是生命的传播者,也是一些病菌和虫卵的携带者。例如蕃茄毒素病、黄瓜萎蔫病、豆蟓的虫卵等,就是通过种子传播的。种子消毒不但可以消灭种子携带的病菌和虫卵,有些方法还具有早熟增产效应,这就要在播前选择合适的消毒法。1.干热法:种子在50—60℃干燥条件下3小时左右大部分菌、卵被杀死。同时种子干热处理后,吸水快、发芽快,具有早熟增产作用。例如黄瓜种子干热处理后可提早成熟10天,并且增产20%以上。2.湿热法:传统的湿热法是温水浸种,这样浸种时间长,清毒不够彻底。种子休眠时对温度不敏感,所以为了消毒彻底,现在提倡用开水
Seed pre-broadcast disinfection is the first step in scientific farming. Seeds are not only the disseminators of life, but also some germs and eggs carrier. For example, tomato toxins disease, cucumber wilting disease, beans, eggs, etc., is spread through the seeds. Seeds disinfection can not only eliminate the germs and eggs carried by the seeds, some methods also have a premature yield effects, which should be selected before sowing the appropriate disinfection. 1. Dry heat method: the seeds in 50-60 ℃ drying conditions for about 3 hours most of the bacteria, the eggs were killed. Dry seeds at the same time heat treatment, fast water absorption, germination fast, with early maturity stimulation. For example, the cucumber seeds can be prematurely matured for 10 days after dry heat treatment, and yield more than 20%. 2. dampness method: The traditional dampness method is soaked in warm water, so a long time soaking, disinfection is not thorough enough. Seed dormant temperature insensitive, so in order to thoroughly disinfect, and now promote the use of boiling water