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揭示了冲积河流河型对含沙量变化的复杂响应规律.我国近百条冲积河流的悬移质输沙率与平均流量在双对数座标中的相关图表明,代表不同河型的点据可以被3条直线分为4个条带,从下而上分别为江心洲河型、弯曲河型、游荡河型和高含沙曲流.代表上述3条直线的方程可以视为河型在空间中随水沙搭配关系而变化的临界条件.理论分析、实验资料和天然河流的资料都表明,随着悬移质含沙量的增大,挟沙水流的能耗率也增大,但当含沙量超过某一限度之后,随着含沙量的进一步增大,水流能耗反而减少.各区中的河流根据其特定的含沙量范围,按不同的方式对其能耗率进行调整,因而出现不同的平面形态,即形成不同的河型.
Revealing the complex response of alluvial river patterns to changes in sediment concentration.The correlation between the suspended sediment transport rate and the average flow in nearly one hundred alluvial rivers in China is shown in double logarithmic coordinates It can be divided into 4 straps by 3 straight lines, and from the bottom up are the river type, curved river type, wandering river type and high sandy stream type. The equation representing the above three straight lines can be regarded as river type The critical conditions that change with the relationship between water and sediment in space are as follows: Theoretical analysis, experimental data and data from natural rivers show that with the increase of suspended sediment concentration, the energy consumption rate of sediment-laden flow increases, When the sediment concentration exceeds a certain limit, as the sediment concentration further increases, the energy consumption of the water decreases instead. The rivers in each district adjust their energy consumption rates according to their specific sediment concentration range in different ways , So there are different plane shapes, that is, forming different river patterns.