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目的:探讨未通过早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)眼底筛查新生儿的眼底及远期眼部异常随访的意义。方法:回顾性分析56例合并ROP患儿的围产期病史及远期眼部异常的发生情况。结果:视网膜完全血管化的时间ROP轻度组为生后(63.3±24.5)天;阈值前病变组为(52.0±12.4)天;ROP重度组为(55.0)±16.9天;ROP轻度组胎龄、出生体重、平均吸氧时间(F iO2>45.0%)与阈值前病变组及ROP重度组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);阈值前病变组与ROP重度组比较,胎龄、平均吸氧时间(F iO2>45.0%)差异有显著性(P<0.05);6年后的随访早产儿的其他眼部异常的发生率与ROP的程度成正相关。结论:小胎龄、长时间高浓度的吸氧为ROP的预后的重要危险因素,阈值前病变及重度ROP早产儿远期其他眼部异常如屈光不正、弱视、斜视、的发生率较高。
Objective: To investigate the significance of fundus and long-term eye abnormalities in newborns without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods: A retrospective analysis of 56 cases of children with ROP perinatal history and the occurrence of long-term eye abnormalities. Results: The time of complete retinal vascularization was (63.3 ± 24.5) days in ROP mild group, (52.0 ± 12.4) days in prethreshold lesion group, and (55.0 ± 16.9 days) in ROP severe group (F iO2> 45.0%) were significantly different from those in pre-thrombosis group and ROP severe group (P <0.05). Compared with ROP severe group, the gestational age, average gestational age, There was a significant difference in oxygen uptake time (F iO2> 45.0%) (P <0.05). The incidence of other eye abnormalities in the follow-up preterm infants after 6 years was positively correlated with the degree of ROP. CONCLUSIONS: Small gestational age and high concentration of oxygen for a long time are important risk factors for the prognosis of ROP. The incidence of other abnormal ocular abnormalities such as refractive error, amblyopia and strabismus in pre-thrombocytopenic patients and premature infants with severe ROP is high .