论文部分内容阅读
上世纪60年代,美国的心理学家米卡尔就曾经做过一个著名的“糖果实验”,对象是斯坦福大学附属幼儿园的孩子,该实验一直追踪到这些孩子中学毕业。实验者将一群4岁的孩子留在一个房间里,发给他们每人一颗糖,然后告诉他们:“我有事情要出去一会儿,你们可以马上吃掉糖,但如果谁能坚持到我回来的时候再吃,就能够得到两块糖。”有的孩子迫不及待地吃掉糖;有的孩子一再犹豫,但还是忍不住塞进了嘴里;另外一部分孩子用尽各种方法让自己坚持下来:有的闭上眼睛,避免看见十分诱人的糖果;有的将脑袋埋入手臂之中,自言自语、唱歌、玩弄自己的手脚,甚至让自己努力睡着。20分钟以后,实验者回到房间,坚持到最后的孩子又得到了一块糖。为什么小朋友之间会有这样的差别呢?
In the 1960s, American psychologist Michail once made a famous “candy experiment” for children at Stanford University kindergarten, where the experiment was traced until these children graduated from high school. The experimenter left a group of 4-year-olds in a room and gave each of them a candy and told them: "I have something to go out for a while, and you can eat the sugar right away, but whoever can hold me back Some children can not wait to eat sugar; some children repeatedly hesitated, but still could not help but stuffed into his mouth; other part of the child exhausted all kinds of ways to stick to their own Down: Some close your eyes and avoid seeing very tempting candies; some bury your head in your arms, talk to yourself, sing, play with your hands and feet and even try to fall asleep. Twenty minutes later, the experimenter returned to the room and persisted until the last child got another piece of candy. Why do children have such a difference?