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随着中国经济的快速发展,国际地位的日益提高,汉语日益受到国际社会的重视,汉语热掀起一股高潮,各国人民不再满足于会说汉语,写汉字。词汇是语言系统中最活跃的因素,具有强烈的时代性,汉语词汇从出现开始就在一直发展,而在学习语言的过程中,词汇学习应当贯穿学习的始终。汉语词汇学习作为第二语言学习者最重要的任务,一直是二语学习者的难点。究其根本就在于留学生使用的教材中含有一定量的文言字词或文言句式,从现代汉语的角度无法解释清楚,只有联系语言的发展即从古代汉语中才能找到原因。因而古汉语词汇教学在扩大学生词汇量、古词新用及提高学生书面表达能力等方面都起到不可替代的作用。本文主要立足于古代汉语教学中词汇教学的原则,主要探讨对外汉语教学中古汉语词汇教学的方法技巧,主要包括组词搭配、语境释义、文化意义的渗透等,希望能够为以后的对外汉语教学工作提供有效的意见及建议。
With the rapid economic development in China and the increasing international status, Chinese are increasingly valued by the international community. Chinese fever has set off a climax. People in all countries are no longer satisfied with speaking Chinese and writing Chinese characters. Vocabulary is the most active factor in the language system, with a strong epoch. Chinese vocabulary has always been developing since its inception. In the process of learning the language, vocabulary learning should run through the learning process. As one of the most important tasks for second language learners, Chinese vocabulary learning has always been a challenge for second language learners. The fundamental reason lies in that the textbooks used by foreign students contain a certain amount of classical or classical Chinese sentences, which can not be explained clearly from the perspective of modern Chinese. Only in the development of related languages can we find the reasons from ancient Chinese. Therefore, vocabulary teaching in ancient Chinese plays an irreplaceable role in enlarging students ’vocabulary, using new words in ancient Chinese and improving students’ written expression. This paper mainly bases on the principle of vocabulary teaching in ancient Chinese teaching, mainly discusses the methods and skills of ancient Chinese vocabulary teaching in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, including the collocation of group words, the definition of context and the infiltration of cultural meanings. It is hoped that the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language Work to provide effective advice and suggestions.