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目的:分析流行性腮腺炎暴发流行的流行特征,制定防治措施。方法:县内辖区医疗机构23家,参照卫生部疾控司颁布的《全国法定传染病漏报调查方案》方法进行调查,统计2010-2015年流行性腮腺炎流行情况。结果:不同年份发病例数存在较大的差异,2010、2013年发病例相对较高,呈波动变化,男女比例大致在1:1之间,爆发流行病占比也呈波动变化,在2010、2013年较高。从年龄分布来看,7~13岁占比最高,其次为3~6岁,从发病季节来看,冬季占比最高,其次为春季。有明确的接触史比重在20~30%之间。结论:流行性腮腺炎呈阶段性爆发,广泛流行与爆发流行存在相关性,需重点加强幼儿园、小学等高中以下学校的卫生管理,加强宣教,做好疫苗注射工作。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps outbreak and formulate prevention and control measures. Methods: Twenty-three medical institutions under the jurisdiction of the prefecture were surveyed according to the “National Survey of Notifiable Diseases of Statutory Infectious Diseases” promulgated by the CDC of the Ministry of Public Health. The prevalence of mumps in 2010-2015 was calculated. Results: There was a big difference in the number of cases in different years. The incidence of cases in 2010 and 2013 was relatively high, fluctuating. The ratio of male and female was roughly 1: 1, and the proportion of outbreaks fluctuated. In 2010, 2013 is higher. From the age distribution, the highest proportion of 7 to 13 years old, followed by 3 to 6 years old, from the onset of the season, winter accounted for the highest, followed by the spring. A clear history of exposure to the proportion of 20 to 30%. Conclusions: Epidemics mumps are outbreak in phases. The prevalence of epidemic parotitis is related to the outbreak of epidemics. It is necessary to strengthen the hygiene management of schools below kindergarten and primary schools and other high schools so as to strengthen mission education and vaccination.