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《英国医学杂志》第284卷第6319期第844页(1982年)刊载James Owen Drife文章,健康男子的精子计数可以在每月,甚至在每周内有很大范围的变化。精子数受本人精子发生前若干月的健康状况,以及精子成熟期一些情况的影响。计数低可能由于紧张、疾病、药物或不明原因所致。有些药物的作用是知道的。激素能影响精子计数。雌激素、雄激素以及部分孕激素都可通过降低血浆促性腺激素的浓度而减少精子的产生。抗雌激素类药氯菧酚胺(Clo-miphene)和tamoxifen已被用于治疗自发性精子缺乏症,但其成功率不一。抗雄性激素药Cyproterone acetate能减少精子总数,但要作为男性避孕药似乎不适合,因为它影响性能力,而且在长期治疗后精子的计数可重新升高。合并应用类固醇作为“男性口服避孕药”
The James Owen Drife article in the British Medical Journal, Vol. 284, No. 6319, p. 844 (1982) shows that sperm counts in healthy men can vary widely, on a monthly or even weekly basis. The number of sperm is affected by the health of the sperm for some months before it occurs, as well as some conditions during the sperm maturation. Low counting may be due to stress, illness, medication or unexplained causes. The role of some drugs is to know. Hormones can affect sperm count. Estrogen, androgens and some progestins can reduce sperm production by lowering plasma gonadotropin concentrations. Antiemetic hormones Clo-miphene and tamoxifen have been used to treat spontaneous sperm deficiency, but their success rates vary. Cyproterone acetate, an anti-androgen hormone, reduces the total number of sperm, but does not appear to be suitable as a male contraceptive because it affects sexual performance, and sperm counts may regain after long-term treatment. Combined use of steroids as “male oral contraceptives”