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大米中除害虫外,普遍生长着种类繁多、生活习性各异的微生物,其中有些能使粮食霉坏变质(主要是霉菌),有些还能产生毒素,引起人畜中毒。为了尽可能地减少贮粮的霉变损失,达到较长时间安全贮藏的目的,就必须设法防治害虫,抑制霉菌的生长,而霉菌和害虫的生长都需要氧气的存在,如能在较短时间内将密闭容器中的氧气排除,并能保持无氧状态,便能较好地杀虫和抑制霉菌的生长和繁殖。我们的试验是将大米放在密闭的聚酯/聚乙烯复合塑料袋内,同时放入适量的除氧剂,以使袋中保持无氧状态,经过一定时期的贮存后,对米样霉菌区系和品质进行分析以及仓虫存活情况的观察,来说明除氧剂在缺氧贮藏中的作用。在试验中,以原始样品为基准,以同等条件下不加除氧剂的密封包装和真空包装的大米作对照。现将试验结果综述如下:
In addition to pests in rice, the widespread growth of a wide range of life habits of different microorganisms, some of which can make bad food grains mold (mainly mold), some can produce toxins, causing human and animal poisoning. In order to reduce mildew loss of stored grain as much as possible and achieve the purpose of safe storage for a long time, we must try to control pests and restrain the growth of molds, and the growth of molds and pests requires the presence of oxygen. In a relatively short period of time, Inside the closed container to exclude oxygen, and can maintain anaerobic conditions, will be able to insecticide and inhibit the growth and reproduction of mold. Our experiment is to put the rice in airtight polyester / polyethylene compound plastic bag, and put proper amount of oxygen scavenger to keep the bag anaerobic. After a certain period of storage, Department and quality analysis and observation of the survival of cercospores, to explain the role of oxygen scavenger in hypoxic storage. In the test, based on the original sample, sealed packaging with no oxygen scavenger under the same conditions was compared with vacuum-packed rice. The test results are summarized below: