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牡丹素有“花中之王”的美誉,花色艳丽、富丽堂皇、品种繁多,是我国十大名花之一,也是中国特有的、栽培历史悠久且广泛的名贵花卉。上海地区牡丹一般于2月上旬鳞芽开始萌动,3月中旬放叶,4月中下旬(谷雨前后)开花,花期较短,每朵只能开放5天~7天。6月初新枝生长停止,顶芽及腋芽开始形成,7月~8月间分化花芽,10月落叶,但在夏季烈日、干燥、高温特别是病害干扰下,大多牡丹至8月即先期落叶。
Peony is known as “King of flowers ” in the world, colorful, magnificent, varied, is one of China’s top ten flowers, is also unique to China, cultivation of a long history and a wide range of expensive flowers. Peony in Shanghai generally began in early February, buds began to sprout, leaves in mid-March, late April (before and after valley rain) flowering, flowering shorter, each can only open 5 days to 7 days. In early June, the growth of new branches stopped. The top buds and axillary buds began to form. Flower buds were differentiated in July and August and deciduous in October. However, most peonies were deciduous until August, when they were dry and hot in summer and especially affected by diseases.