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介绍了永磁同步电机（PMSM）的系统结构和基本原理。针对永磁同步电机逆变器中传统电压空间矢量（SVPWM）算法的缺陷性，提出了一种优化SVPWM调制方法。该方法利用电压空间矢量旋转的幅角来判断扇区，并由相电压的电压差值计算基本电压矢量的作用时间，完全省略了坐标变换和三角函数计算，化简了SVPWM算法步骤。经过Matlab/Simulink建立仿真模型，可以证明该优化SVPWM算法的正确性和可行性，为改进永磁同步电机硬件设计提供了依据。“,”The structure and the basic principle of PMSM were presented. Given the shortage of the traditional space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm applied in PMSM inverter, this paper puts forward an optimized SVPWM, by which the sector can be judged according to the rotating argument of voltage space vector, and the function time of basic voltage vector can be calculated based on the 3 phase voltage difference computation. Compared with the former two methods, the coordinate transformation and trigonometric calculation are completely omitted and the algorithm steps are simplified in the optimized SVPWM. The validity can be verified through the simulation with Matlab/Simulink.